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자잘한 읽을거리/사회 & 역사

About Shinkansen

by    2020. 2. 13.

1. Overview[edit]

新 幹線Shinkansen ｜ Shinkansen 

The Japan National Railways (JNR) was opened in Japan in 1964, and was split and privatized in April 1987, and is the name of the high-speed railway operated by the newly launched JR Group . It literally means 'new main line'. The Shinkansen symbolizes postwar economic revival in Japan and is the world's first commercial high-speed rail system . [One] 

According to Japanese law, it is classified as Shinkansen only when you can drive more than 200km per hour, and when it opened in 1964, it was 200km per hour [2] The speed has continued to rise, and the current route corresponds to 240 ~ 320km / h driving, and the maximum operating speed of new vehicles will reach that level and will be raised in the future. The gauge is 1,435mm across the entire track, and the standard tracks of the JR Group , except for the Shinkansen, are limited to the Tazawako Line and some sections of the Ou Main Line. In fact, these lines were also opened on standard tracks to drive the Shinkansen directly. See mini bullet train . 

In 2003, the Linear Shinkansen scored 581 km / h in the driving test, making it the world's fastest train over France's TGV , which recorded 515 km / h in 1990. [3] 

 

Record film produced by Japan National Railroad in 1964

It is a Japanese work created in preparation for the 1964 Tokyo Olympics . It opened its doors on October 1, 1964, just before the opening of the Olympics, and opened a new vision for the railroads that were undervalued by the 60s. International names are also high and the names such as bullet train and super express are widely used. The first line opened was the concept of a high-speed ship on the Tokaido Main Line, so the name of the Tokaido New Line was used. 

Since the opening of the Shinkansen, there have been no single life accidents due to vehicle or facility defects in 2020. [4] Boasts perfect safety. There have been a few accidents caused by external factors such as track commissioning or passenger carelessness and terrorism, but none of the Shinkansen's own defects have suffered any casualties. To sum up the accident, two people died, including the elderly in the December 1995 Mishima Station casualty accident, the Tokaido Shinkansen condemnation fire incident in June 2015, and the hand ax weapons riot in June 2018. There is an accident where one person died. [5] In the accident of the train itself, the derailment accident was reported once due to the earthquake when the Great East Japan Earthquake broke out in 2011, but there is no loss of life, proving its safety. [6] On December 11, 2017, a fine crack occurred in the truck section during the operation of the N700 series vehicle, and the Transportation Safety Committee first recognized the defect and entered the investigation, but no casualties occurred. A personal injury occurred on June 14, 2018. After the crash, the train driver, who was traveling without problems, found a blood spot and stopped the operation. The investigation revealed that the flesh was found to be fleshy, and additional flesh was found on the Fukuoka area track to identify the accident spot. [7] After all, this is also not a problem for the Shinkansen by suicide. Also, in 2017, a person who often did a reckless job of taking Shinkansen coming straight on the track and posting it on Twitter eventually became powder on the Hokuriku Shinkansen section. 

Thanks to thorough timing and stability, the attention and affection received by the Japanese people are considerable. When the first Shinkansen was opened in 1964, it was nicknamed the `` Super Express of Dreams ''. In the case of the 0 series, the train itself has been active as the world's first high-speed train and the mascot of Japan for a long time, so it is a popular model that even a person who is not very interested in the railroad has seen it once . Shinkansen photographs with Mt.Fuji in the upper part of the background are also used as cover images for Japanese tour guides and Japanese textbooks . 

The safety of the Shinkansen is very simple. Japan's high industrial technology [8] and "not approaching the cause of the accident on the track". Not only the former, but the latter, when the first Shinkansen was developed, there was no way to suddenly stop a zero-based electric train that ran at 210 km / h. Here, Japanese engineers think differently, and even there was a clan saying, "I make a waterway in the middle of the track and let water flow, and if a sudden stop is needed, I put a brake plate in the water and stop it with resistance." When the answer came out, the conclusion came out: "Let nothing stop . " The new trunk line dedicated to the Shinkansen was laid down, hitting high fences so that nothing could be accessed, and trains other than the Shinkansen could not use the track. [9] Thanks to the Shinkansen, punctuality and stability are among the best in the world. [10] Instead of having to harden the body, the risk of accidents is higher in Japan than in Japan, where there are many risk factors around the track, which is quite likely to cause enormous casualties and property damage. 

It is a major trunk connecting Japan's major cities and regions, and it is no exaggeration to say that it is the backbone of rail traffic. Competitively compete with domestic air routes. In the case of the Tokaido Shinkansen , which connects Tokyo , Nagoya and Osaka , the three major metropolitan areas of Japan , the distance between trains is tight. [11] It is a famous story that one of these lines actually feeds JR Tokai . 

The demand for the shinkansen is a big part of long-distance commuters and business travelers. [12] The Tokaido Shinkansen, in particular, connects three major economies, so the traffic of businessmen carrying suits and briefcases, which is often compared, is absolute. Therefore, traffic advertisements are mainly focused on corporate image advertisements and target products in their 30s to 50s, compared to the existing lines with a lot of product and service advertisements for general consumers. Due to this characteristic, seats reaching 1,300 seats are often sold out only by traffic from Kanto to Chubu and Kinki areas. [13] It is the reason that Tokai is all-in to Nozomi. The Shinkansen on the East side has high demand for long-distance commuting, while the Tohoku Shinkansen earns profits from the northern parts of Saitama prefecture , near Tochigi and Fukushima . [14] If you cross Sendai , the largest city in Tohoku, and Morioka , the second-largest city, the population density will drop dramatically and air transportation will be inevitable. 

As Japanese transportation is usually expensive, the Shinkansen is also priceless. The Tokaido Shinkansen boasts an incredible price of 13,870 yen in Tokyo-Shin-Osaka Station . The journey time is 2 hours 30 minutes. KTX is not that much in Korea. [15] No matter how much faster KTX is, the speed of expression is much faster and more pleasant. In addition, it costs 23,190 yen for a regular room and 30,650 yen (!!) for a special room green shack from Tokyo Station to Hakata Station . If you are a foreigner with a JR Pass, you can ride many trains for free unless you take Nozomi or Mizuho . Perhaps it would be cheaper to drive a car, but the expressway tolls in Japan are too expensive to imagine. If you travel alone, the Shinkansen is cheaper, and when two people move together, the cost of the Shinkansen and the car are roughly comparable, and from three, the car is definitely cheaper. 

Shinkansen's rail cars are wider than European and Korean high-speed rail cars. Except for the mini-shinkansen, the width of the vehicle is 335cm ~ 338cm, which is larger than the width of commuter trains in the Korean metropolitan area. So Greensha (1st class) is a 2x2 array, and if the economy class is a 2x3 seat, the 3x3 arrangement is also possible. Most of the high - speed rail cars in Europe and KTX-1 / KTX-Sancheonare around 290cm. 

Train numbers have an A at the end of the Tokaido / Sanyo / Kyushu Shinkansen, a B at the Tohoku / Hokkaido Shinkansen, a C at the Joetsu Shinkansen, and an E at the Hokuriku Shinkansen. The reason there is no D is because D means diesel cars. 

There are a lot of meals on the Shinkansen with Ekiben , and a lot of in-car sales are made, but in the 2010s, claims about tasting foods such as takoyaki and pork steamed bread were frequently introduced on the Shinkansen. 

In the Tokaido-Sanyo Shinkansen, there are smoking seats only in 700 series (16-car) cars, and the rest are all non-smoking seats. In the case of the Sanyo-Kyushu Shinkansen, smoking rooms are set up separately in cars 3 and 7 of the 500 series (eight cars) and the N700 series (eight cars). The rest of the cars don't even have a smoking seat, so smokers need attention. 

As a side note, the Japanese Imperial Family basically uses the Shinkansen when there are domestic officials. This is the reason why Akihito rides the Shinkansen deliberately on the JR Higashi-Nihon. All the train schedules in this place are messed up, and they use the Shinkansen, which is relatively damaging to the people who want to use the train. Most of the royal trains for conventional ships operate as disturbances or tourist trains. 

2. History[edit]

2.1. Bullet train plan

The origin of the Shinkansen is the bullet train that was established in Japan in the 1930s. As Japan entered the war in the Manchurian War , the Tokaido Main Line and Sanyo Main Line , which were the routes through which Japanese troops and supplies were sent to Manchuria and China, suffered from insufficient capacity. Therefore, capacity expansion was necessary, and among these alternatives, a new rail line along the Tokaido Main Line and the Sanyo Main Line came to mind. This plan is much more linear than the Tokaido Main Line and the Sanyo Main Line, and it adopts a 1435mm standard gauge as a gauge instead of the 1067mm narrow gauge, which was common in Japan at that time, to allow high-speed driving. [16] Consideration was given to direct communication with Joseon under Japanese rule and the mainland China . 

In 1940, the plan was approved by the imperial council, and as Japan invaded China and Southeast Asia, Japan was able to penetrate the Korea - Japan Undersea Tunnel through Busan - Seoul - Sinuiju - Shenyang - Beijing to the entire continent of China and Southeast Asia . You have a plan. Even though the second continent is connected, the line in Japan has run out of track capacity right away. The name Shinkansen comes from naming bullet trains as "new trunks." 

After 1942, the Japanese situation was adversely affected and shortages of supplies resulted in construction suspension in 1943. However, the construction of bullet trains was already well underway, and most of these facilities were used during the construction of the Tokaido Shinkansen . The purchase of the Tokaido Shinkansen cost less to build the Tokaido Shinkansen, as Japan was semi-forcibly accepting land during the Pacific War during the bullet train. [17] 

The difference between this bullet train and today's Tokaido Shinkansen and Sanyo Shinkansen is as follows.

  • Today's bullet trains use only electric trains and steam locomotives , while bullet trains are trains and trains . This was because the Japanese Army opposed the train because it would be impossible to operate if transmission facilities such as substations were destroyed in case of emergency. At this time, the train was scheduled between Tokyo - Shizuoka and Nagoya - Himeji . And today, the Tokaido Shinkansen and Sanyo Shinkansen are trained at 25000V 60Hz AC, but the bullet train was planned to be DC 3000V train, because Japan had no AC train technology at that time.

  • Shinkansen does not operate freight trains, but bullet trains were planned to run freight trains just like warfare.

  • The Shinkansen runs from Shimonoseki to Fukuoka to Kagoshima , but as described above, the bullet train was planned to extend to the colonies of Joseon , Manchuria , Mainland China and Southeast Asia .

2.2. Shinkansen route maintenance: maintenance Shinkansen[edit]

In each of the provinces that witnessed the Tokaido-Sanyo Shinkansen's big success, they asked to have Shinkansen in their neighborhoods.In response to these demands, a grand plan was established to deploy Shinkansen throughout Japan in the 1970s. The Joetsu Shinkansen and the Tohoku Shinkansen (Tokyo-Morioka) are the Shinkansen made during this process. And the vote of Tohoku University rose [18] 

However, most of those routes are terrible, so the Japanese government selected and filtered the first route to be started in 1973. This is the maintenance Shinkansen. However, even before these lines were started, the national railway was destroyed and replaced by the JR Group , and all the Shinkansen plans, including the maintenance Shinkansen, were also frozen. 

Local residents and politicians repeated the whining, saying, ' Please break through quickly. ' However, there is no reason why JR, a private business operator, must pay a lot of money and release the Shinkansen to hit a normal existing route. Therefore, the Japanese government uses the top and bottom separation method to carry out the Shinkansen Corporation and the government to run the track. [19] The existing route (called the parallel line ) chose to separate management from JR. [20] 

So the Shinkansen could be built more. But there are some problems.

  • Concurrent conventional lines caused by JR's separation of existing routes. Because of this issue, the opening of the Shinkansen may be a disaster, not a blessing, in the surrounding area. This is described in detail in the section.

  • As it was built where profitability was not high originally [21] In many cases, the demand for segments on the Tokaido Shinkansen is widespread. In areas with low population density, even commuting demand is insufficient. The Kyushu Shinkansen has recorded a deficit since its opening, while the Hokuriku Shinkansen also had serious air transport stations such as Annakaharuna Station until the Nagano Shinkansen, which resulted in quite severe damage. There is little to escape the fundamental deficit is unknown. The same will apply to the Hokkaido Shinkansen , which is expected to be deficit even after the opening of Sapporo Station . Moreover, in recent years, the Shinkansen's huge fares and fares have resulted in various means such as late-night buses and domestic flights for passengers who are amused.

  • The maintenance Shinkansen is divided up and down, so every time JR runs a train, it is necessary to pay the rail fee. Of course, the faster the speed, the more money is spent on rail maintenance, so the higher the speed, the higher the rail fee. So the maintenance Shinkansen doesn't have high speeds (up to 260km / h). To get more passengers, you have to speed up, but you can't raise it because of the fee. [22] Especially in the case of the Hokkaido Shinkansen, in order to see the surplus, passengers from Tokyo to Sapporo must gather on the Shinkansen at 260 km / h. [23]


Of course, not all scheduled Shinkansen are maintenance Shinkansen. The JR Tokai Chuo Shinkansen chews all of these problems because it is made from its own money. It is not without problems such as construction debt, groundwater, soil environmental damage, and proper fare.

3. List of routes (business distance)[edit]

 

National route map

Looks like there is no sky blue but ignore it. 

4. Unfinished route (planned operating distance)[edit]

Except for the Narita Shinkansen and the Freight Shinkansen, only plans exist. When the election season comes to mind. When all of these lines are completed, the effect is to open the main trunk to the standard track. 

5. History of opening[edit]



Changes in route from 1964 to August 24, 2017 

  • October 1, 1964: Opening of the Tokaido Shinkansen

  • March 15, 1972: Opening of the 1st section of the Sanyo Shinkansen (Shin-Osaka-Okayama)

  • March 10, 1975: Opening and direct connection of the 2nd section of the Sanyo Shinkansen (Okayama-Hakata)

  • June 13, 1982: Opening of the Tohoku Shinkansen 1st Section (Morioka-Omiya)

  • November 15, 1982: Opening of the Joetsu Shinkansen

  • March 14, 1985: Opening of the Tohoku Shinkansen Second Section (Omiya-Ueno)

  • June 20, 1991: Opening of the Tohoku Shinkansen 3rd Section (Ueno-Tokyo) Extension

  • July 1, 1992: Opening of the Yamagata Shinkansen 1st Section (Tokyo-Fukushima-Yamagata)

  • March 22, 1997: Opening of Akita Shinkansen

  • October 1, 1997: Opening of the 1st section of the Hokuriku Shinkansen (Tokyo-Takasaki-Nagano), the name Nagano Shinkansen.

  • December 4, 1999: Extension of the 2nd section (Yamagata-Shinjo) of Yamagata Shinkansen

  • December 1, 2002: Opening of the Tohoku Shinkansen 4th Section (Morioka-Hachinohe) Extension

  • March 13, 2004: Opening of the 1st section of Kyushu Shinkansen (Kagoshima Chuo-Shinyatsushiro)

  • December 4, 2010: Extension of the 5th section of the Tohoku Shinkansen (Hachinohe-Shin Aomori)

  • March 12, 2011: Opening and direct connection of the 2nd section of the Kyushu Shinkansen (Hakata-Shinyatsushiro)

  • March 14, 2015: Opening of the second extension of the Hokuriku Shinkansen section (Nagano-Kanazawa), simultaneously renamed.

  • March 26, 2016: Opening of the Hokkaido Shinkansen 1st Section (Shin Aomori-Shin Hakodate Hokuto)

  • 2022: Scheduled to extend the 3rd section of the Hokuriku Shinkansen (Kanazawa-Tsuruga), and the Nagasaki section of Kyushu Shinkansen (Hakata-Takeo Onsen-Nagasaki)

  • 2027: Opening of the Chuo Shinkansen 1st Section (Shinagawa-Nagoya)

  • 2031: Scheduled to extend Hokkaido Shinkansen second section (Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto-Sapporo)

  • 2037: Scheduled extension of the second section of the Chuo Shinkansen (Nagoya-Shin-Osaka)

  • 2046: Planned extension of the 4th section of the Hokuriku Shinkansen (Tsuruga-Shin-Osaka)

  • Undecided: Scheduled extension of the 3rd section of the Hokkaido Shinkansen (Sapporo-Asahikawa)

6. Specifications[edit]

7. List of trains and timing of introduction[edit]

Shinkansen car list

[Expand / collapse]

 

8. Classification[edit]

Shinkansen train class

[Expand / collapse]

 

9. foreign export-oriented[edit]

In the case of the Shinkansen 300 series train at KTX and the Shinkansen 700 series train at Taiwan high-speed railway , it provided only the minimum technology necessary for operation and maintenance, and even required that the heavy maintenance be brought to Japan and the Taiwanese high-speed railway was a Eurotrain. As can be seen from the case of refusing technical training for engineers due to the use of French - compliant tracks and signaling systems, JR Tokai is very exclusive in terms of technology transfer and international technology. However, JR Higashi-Nihon was active in technology transfer and incorporation into other countries . When JR Tokai refused to bid on the China Railway Express business, it arbitrarily decided to export and transfer the Shinkansen E2 train , and the UK High Speed ​​1 project. TVM is also used to export the Shinkansen 400 series train in cooperation with Hitachi. There has been an example of a change in specifications due to UK circumstances using signals and a third order and a UK local heavy inspection and technology transfer.

10. For detection[edit]

Please refer to the Doctor Yellow document for more information.

11. Shinkansen in popular culture[edit]

As a result, some Shinkansen vehicles enter the transformation robot (…). Don't ask what happened to the passengers inside when you actually transformed.[24] In fact, it usually doesn't matter because the shape is based on the motif and is just a mechanical part. 

All-Light Super Hikari [25] Teleports. 

More often than not, subcultures such as animations and games are often inspired by the Shinkansen, and most of them are named after Shinkansen train class names as motifs.

12. Job knowledge[edit]

12.1.Tickets and Parallel Conventional Lines[edit]

The Shinkansen ticket allows you to ride parallel lines for the same area free of charge (also available as a regular ticket). The Shinkansen and parallel lines are considered to be mutually selective. However, the express limited express ticket or reserved seat ticket must be purchased separately. 

For example, holders of a commuter pass from Tokyo Station to Shizuoka Station on the Tokaido Shinkansen may ride for free between Tokyo Station and Shizuoka Station on the Tokaido Main Line . Free pick up and drop off at the Tokaido Main Line station between Tokyo Station and Shizuoka Station. However, if it is clear that the passengers are traveling backwards in parallel, it is impossible to ride the section with a regular ticket. Similarly, if Tokyo or Shinagawa is the destination, it is possible to transfer to the JR station in Tokyo for free. This is because ticket prices to Tokyo were not specific to Tokyo Station, but to unspecified JR stations in Tokyo. So if you have been using JR to Tokyo and Shinagawa stations to take the Shinkansen to the station, the price of JR tickets used up until the time of purchasing the Shinkansen will be calculated. Please refer to the specific tool section for details.

12.2.Cheap boarding[edit]

The usual way to get on the shinkansen is insanely expensive, but there are ways to get a little cheaper.

  • Smart EX 
    Shinkansen Reservation Service. Convenient rides through Suica are possible, and payments are made with a registered credit card.[30] As a free member service, the discount rate is weaker than that of the express membership system, but it is difficult to list all the various discounts for passengers who make advance reservations according to all kinds of conditions. With the advent of this service, companies that sell coupons are quite embarrassing. However, when you lose your smartphone can not be used.

  • Purchase a Shinkansen coupon. 
    For example, reserved seats for ordinary cars in Tokyo Togu-Nagoya City can be purchased for 6 for 62,160 yen. As it becomes 10,360 yen per one piece At best It costs about 500 yen. However, the coupon cannot be used during GW, summer holidays, and year-end and New Year holidays.

  • Purchase at Kum Kwon Shop 
    Near the main downtown area or Shinkansen stationYou can buy them at a gift voucher shop in [31] . There are even vending machines like Japan, so you can buy them outside of business hours and on holidays. Fares vary depending on the segment, class, reserved seat and free seat, but are cheaper than the list price. There are two types of shareholder preferential rights and coupon rights, which are the same as above. Buying a ticket in Kinkenya with a credit card and selling it in units of 1 with a slight profit. Shareholder preferential tickets must be purchased at a discounted price at the window or ticketing machine. Shareholder preferential coupons should be used on long-distance sections without tickets. The cheapest of the tickets is the free seat type. If it is a free seat, the price is the same regardless of the class. Reserved seat tickets can only be issued on sectors where Nozomi is also used, which is more expensive.

  • Shareholder 
    Rights Discount The shareholder rights mentioned above also have a terrible range of discounts on fares, limited express, express, green and reserved seat fares. However, different companies have different discount rates. 
    20% discount on JR Higashi Nihon and 10% discount on JR Tokai for each shareholder. After all, stockholder's benefit is thin, too JR JR Tokai 
    JR Nishi-Nihon and JR Kyushu are 50% off and cannot be used simultaneously. If used simultaneously, you can ride for free. Only JR lines are valid. Shareholder rights in JR Tokai apply only to the lines governed by JR Tokai.

  • Use ぷ ら っ と こ だ ま. 
    If there is a vacancy, you can make a reservation by 23:55 the day before the boarding date. 
    The regular Shinkansen fare on the Tokyo-Nagoya route is 10880 yen, including limited express tickets, which is a whopping 8,300 yen. It's a bit more expensive at certain times, but it's still cheaper than regular fares. It is different from the general ticket. 
    ① Flat Kodama is not a ticket but a travel product. Therefore, the dealer is JR Tokai Tours, and the boarding area is XX station-XX station, not the specific tool city . In other words, in order to take the Shinkansen, you have to pay your own money to the station. 
    ② Not allowed on the way. For example, if you buy a ticket from Shizuoka to Nagoya, you can't get on the train outside of Shizuoka Station. You must get on at Shizuoka station. (However, Tokyo Station and Shinagawa Station are treated as the same station. If you purchase a 
    ticket from Tokyo to Nagoya, you can also ride at Shinagawa.) ③ Seats are designated. You cannot choose the seat you want. Only window / corridor / center seat can be specified. 
    ④ Only designated trains and sections can be boarded. In other words, if you miss the train, it does not provide an alternative. 
    ⑤ No change after reservation. To change it, you need to cancel and reschedule. A fee will be incurred 10 days prior to the boarding date. Of course cancellation is not possible. 
    ⑥ You cannot use automatic ticket gates because they have a voucher type. Therefore, you must get a stamp at the manned ticket gate and get on board.
    As cheap as there are restrictions like this.

  • エクスプレス予約 
    services of JR Tokai and JR West. There is an annual fee, but after a few uses, the annual fee can be overwhelming. However, it takes up to one month to receive your membership card, so if you want to use it, you should apply as soon as possible.

  • えきねっとトクだ 
    値services of JR East. If you make a reservation, you get a 10-35% discount Ekinet also accepts reservations for all Higashi-Nihon and other Shinkansen lines . [32]

  • Student discounts 
    Student discounts apply only to fares. If you want to use this educational institution that is approved by the Ministry of Education[33] Afterhaving received your student's education, you must go to the counter and purchase it. Please note that you cannot purchase from vending machines.

  • Disability Discount 
    身体 도 者 手 帳, 療 育 手 帳 issued by prefectures in Japan[34] If you have a fare of more than 101km is half the price.[35] The only express ticket is not applicable, the discount is critically short stay foreigners can not never use, so some sort of consideration for the socially disadvantaged is not knowing any discounts. 障害Articles割引Tsu ni Ita Te

  • Ticket Splitting 
    Level A way that high-grade iron ducks always use for long distances. Detailed explanation (Japanese) The 
    reason this can happen is because there are systems such as train-specific sections. In metropolitan areas, many routes compete with private railways, so these routes receive lower fares than the basic fares.[36] Using this method, the table is cut off only up to the limit section to which a specific fare is applied, and the remaining sections are cut off separately. 
    In this situation, let's say we are going to Atami from Tokyo Station . If you go from Tokyo to Atami just 104.6km, the fare is 1940 yen. By the way, Tokyo-Shinkoyasu 24.8km 390 yen, Shinkoyasu-Atami 79.8km 1320 yen Divided in this way, it is 1710 yen and 230 yen is cheaper. This is the amount that you will be stupid if you just ride without splitting. 
    The same goes for fares in Tokyo and Nagoya. Just buy a ticket and it's 366km, so you get 6260 yen. However, if you divide it into Tokyo- Kamata 14.4km 220 yen, Kamata- Kusanagi 159.8km 2590 yen, Kusanagi- Anjo 159.5km 2590 yen, Anjo- Nagoya 32.3km 470 yen, it is 5870 yen in total. 390 yen becomes cheaper. If you want to take the Shinkansen, you can buy a limited express ticket separately. 
    Ticket division is possible only at ticket machines that purchase Shinkansen tickets, not at regular ticket machines. This ticketing machine allows you to purchase regular tickets as well as Shinkansen tickets. You can also buy them at counters such as JR East Japan's Mizurino Ward. In December 2017, the ticket was purchased at JR West Japan.
    However, it is quick and accurate and efficient to write down the contents of paper or electronic devices in advance and then ask the counter staff to get the ticket as written, rather than telling the details of the split ticket when purchasing at the counter. And if you have more than three divisions, it is convenient to do it at the counter. Dividing by hand from ticketing machine is also difficult. 
    Tickets can be purchased by cash or card. However, as of December 2017, when purchasing regular tickets at a ticket machine based on JR East Japan, they were not purchased with an overseas card or a general domestic card. View card and affiliate card[37] Only available for purchase. However, when purchasing at the window, it is possible to purchase with a regular card with a designated section, including all cards issued overseas. JCB and Amex are also accepted, so you can use Visa and MasterCard. Only BC Global did not accept payment. 
    Kinkenya in some metropolitan areas may purchase and sell 11 bundle tickets with this type of split ticket. For example, Kinkenya near Nagoya Station sells tickets for free tickets on Tokyo (Yamanote Line), Higashi-Tagonoura, Hamamatsu, Okazaki, and Nagoya sectors for about 10,000 yen. It is about 400 yen cheaper than the Shinkansen reserved seat ticket that can be used for Nozomi, and can also be used for Golden Week, Obon, and the year-end and New Year holidays. 
    The splitting of tickets and credit cards are explained on the basis of JR East Japan. 
    You can divide your ticket at the following site: 
    乗車 券 分割 プ ロ グ ラ ム 
    分割 .net

  • Purchase of Round Trip and Lodging Sets Although 
    other travel agencies sell packages, one of the most common is the package products sold by Japan Travel. Although it varies from place to place, there are products that boast a tremendous price-performance ratio that can cost up to 17,800 yen + accommodation. If you take the Shinkansen, you will get hotel accommodation if you pay the regular rate.

For more information, or other methods 永久保存版!高い新幹線の料金を割引して格安にする17の方法とおまけnote.

12.3.Refund on Latency[edit]

All trains that receive Express or Special Express (including Shinkansen) tickets can be refunded after a delay of 2 hours or more. However, only the (special) express fee is refunded, but not the fare or other charges (Greensha, reserved seat, bed, etc.). If you do not request a refund at the ticket gate after the delay, you can request a refund within the expiration date of one year.

12.4. Ticket[edit]

Tickets called admission tickets exist and can be easily purchased at any station. The price is about 140 yen, which is incomparably cheaper than a regular Shinkansen ticket. Tickets are for people who want to drop off passengers to the train entrance or enter the train platform for passengers with heavy or uncomfortable luggage. Of course, you should never do it because ticket inspections are done frequently on the train and the fines are substantial. Of course, if you use it as intended, it is quite convenient.

13. Shinkansen vehicle base[edit]

This is a list of the Shinkansen's vehicle bases. See bullet train / vehicle base .

14. Related Documents[edit]

 

[1] In the definition of high-speed railway, the UIC defines more than 200km / h on existing lines and 250km / h on dedicated high-speed railways under the conditions of high-speed railway. . However, in the definition of UIC, high-speed railway is defined as a railway operation system that includes not only fast trains on general rail lines but also fast trains and rail infrastructures and signaling systems that are maintained to high standards for smoothly operating fast trains. have. The first railroad that satisfies these conditions is Japan's Tokaido Shinkansen.[2] Wait for initial roadbed stabilization, then raise to 210km / h the following year.[3] The Shinkansen, however, is no longer renewed after 443km / h, recorded by the Shinkansen 300X system.[4] Saying that there are no dead or even injured[5] For this old man, JR Tokai filed a 600 million yen claim for compensation, including reimbursement for the family of the deceased. Of course, if the surrender gave up their inheritance, they don't have to pay the debt.[6] Below is a picture of the bullet train derailed by the earthquake. Due to the Kumamoto earthquake and the Great East Japan Earthquake, there have been a total of three derailments in the history of the Shinkansen operation. However, there was no accident that the train was overturned even if it was completely derailed.

[7] You may not have known how the crash occurred, but it is possible because the accident occurred in a situation where the naked eye, such as a tunnel, could not be recognized. Because kinetic energy is tremendous.[8] When the 2017 Kobe Steelmaking Fabrication Event broke out, it was said that the Shinkansen's durability should also be recalculated once, but there is no problem in normal driving.[9] Of course, the narrow and standard tracks are not basically compatible, but the reason why other vehicles do not travel on the Shinkansen tracks is technically impossible, as you can see on the Nagasaki Shinkansen , which will be operating conventional trains or gauge-driven vehicles that drive mini-shinkansen tracks. Not only because.[10] This is true not only of railroads but also of Japanese air and road traffic. ANA and JAL are also very sensitive to on-time operation, and even the notorious pitch aviation , which is notorious for post- penalties , has a cancellation rate of 0.1% lower than ANA and JAL . Even buses affected by traffic jams run on timetables. If you feel tight, drive slowly.[11] Korea's KTX / SRT differs from the close space between them. As KTX and SRT descend south, several branch lines (Honam / Jeolla / East Sea / Gyeongjeon Line) diverge, so that Seoul-Osong, where all these lines go together, is dense, but not below that. However, the Tokaido Shinkansen does not have this branch line, but only direct lines such as the Sanyo Shinkansen and Kyushu Shinkansen .[12] The Kinki Nippon Railway is the only railway company that can face the Shinkansen and business demands .What Keikyu did to say it's a rival is the link to the airplane Shinkansen.This is the Meihan Limited Express line that connects Osaka and Nagoya, so you won't be able to beat Kintetsu at this speed.[13] However, if you meet the off-season, morning and afternoon times well, you can cut off your ticket one hour before departure.[14] Even in Japan's prestigious universities, there are frequent cases of commuting to Shinkansen commuter passes when there are homes in Nagano and Shizuoka . It also has a clever policy of subsidizing school costs up to 30,000 yen.Most powerful advantage: can sit and sleep in rush hour For example, Keio University is close to Tamachi Station, near Shinkansen Station .[15] As of 2018, the most expensive segment is Busan Station ~ Haengsin Station .[16] The wide gap is advantageous for ensuring stability at high speeds.[17] It was a way of coming to the landowner and driving back without saying a word. Naturally, there was no negotiating price with landowners, and they were bought off at ridiculously low prices. However , land owners were forced to sell their land because they would be treated as non-nationals . In the end, most of the Tokaido and Sanyo sections were bought. Naturally, after the war, landowners filed a land return lawsuit against the Japan National Railroad . The lawsuit went to Japan's highest court, where land was not returned to the Tokaido Shinkansen section , where construction was determined , and the Sanyo Shinkansen section , which had not been specified at the time of the lawsuit, was returned. In the end, the Sanyo Shinkansen was bought with a new land, and it was a phone violation , considering that the Sanyo Shinkansen was constructed much better than the Tokaido Shinkansen .[18] In fact , after the opening of the Tohoku Shinkansen , more students entered Tohoku University in Saitama , Gunma and Tochigi .[19] The Korea Railroad Corporation operates trains in Korea, and the tracks are the same as those built by the Korea Railroad Authority . It is universal in Europe, but in Japan, this is the case.[20] The only exceptions are the Kagoshima Main Line between Hakata Station and Yatsushiro Station and Sendai Station and Kagoshima Chuo Station. Even though there is a Shinkansen, there are many people on this section, so JR Kyushu did not leave it.[21] It is also aimed at balanced national development in the 1960s and 1970s.[22] Legal issues also exist.[23] Of course, it is based on operating speed and construction standards are based on 350km / h per hour for the future.I don't know when the future will come.[24] What the user X Kaiser case of passengers carrying Laker brothers are even doing the dispatch users Wang Gao this is the liner coming stand filled with machines not be burn (...) The Brave Express Might Gaine bullet in their It does not matter because it is a private property of Senfuji Concerten .[25] Mach Express Delta Train, Mega Train, aired KBS.[26] This is the train itself.[27] Only the drill liner (drag drill) is based on the C62 steam locomotive .[28] The leader J-5 is the 500 series, the J-7 is the 700 series, and the J-4 is the E4 series.[29] The movie's Japanese release name is "New Infection", which is read as "Shinkansen" in Japanese pronunciation. A kind of language play. But the response is not very good.[30] A check card issued in Korea can also be used. However, be careful when paying overseas because it may be more expensive with local currency payment.[31] Tokyo, Yokohama, Nagoya, Osaka, etc.[32] Pickup is possible only at JR Higashi-Nihon Station. There is no discount other than the Higashi-Nihon route.[33] So if you don't attend a Japanese educational institution, foreigners will get a discount.[34] The name differs depending on the prefecture.[35] This is the same for other private railways, and few trains have more than 101 km of railways.[36] As you can see from the 運 賃 の 仕 組 み , the usual fare is 1 to 3km 140 yen, 4 to 6, 190 yen and 7 to 10km 200 yen. Fares over 11 km should be seen directly.[37] credit cards, integrated with suica

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